A growing number of recent RIAs and BITs would aim at liberalizing the admission phase through the extension of provisions on MFN and national treatment to the pre-entry phase, often subject to sectoral and other exceptions in the form of opt-out (i.e. a negative-list or top-down approach as in NAFTA) or opt-in models (i.e. a positive-list or bottom-up approach as in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS).
(ي) ولوحظ أيضاً أن الممارسة التقليدية لمعاهدات الاستثمار الثنائية، التي تعكس عدم تغيُّر هذه الاتفاقات من الناحية الوظيفية، لا تفسح مجالاً للمواءمة.