The gas zone was not sharply separated from the oil zone.

However, the gas zone is not sharply separated from the oil zone, while there is a transition zone between the oil and water zones, or between the gas and water zones in the absence of oil.

Allegations were received of forced displacement of members of the Nuer population, aimed at gaining control of the oil zone, followed by resettlement of Baggaara tribes in the same areas.

Natural gas is in the upper zone and oil in the lower zone when both oil and natural gas exist.

Some wells (particularly in Kuwait) have dual completions, meaning that the well casing is perforated in two oil producing zones permitting the well to produce oil from both zones.

Shut-in wells may be brought back on line, or they may be reworked to produce oil from higher zones.

(i) An agreement between the Foundation Eco-Habitat, the Ministry of Health and the oil company Petroleos de Venezuela, and the International Rural Housing Association, was arranged to implement programmes of rural housing in the oil zone of eastern and western Venezuela;

The Special Rapporteur repeatedly discussed the issue of oil exploitation with representatives of the Sudanese Government both in Geneva and during his mission to Khartoum, including allegations regarding the forced displacement of the Nuer population, with a view to gaining control of the oil zone.

Petroleum and water were distributed within the reservoir rock vertically in the order of their densities: natural gas, in the upper zone, oil in the lower zone where both oil and natural gas existed, and water, at the very bottom.

His own observations, together with those of an assessment mission sent by the Government of Canada in 1999 to investigate the connection between oil exploration and human rights violations, led him to believe that respect for human rights in the oil zone should be of serious concern to the international community and that international corporations must make sure they were not complicit in human-rights abuses.