The soil is predominantly ferriferous and volcanic;

The savannahs cover a variety of soils, with scattered ferriferous or ferruginous concretions and volcanic soils.

An area with the classic equatorial climate, with four seasons, rainfall of over 1,500 mm and an average temperature of 25º C, with a variation of 2º C. This is an area of ferriferous soil and evergreen forest that is increasingly being encroached upon by man.