Each proposed International Heliophysical Year magnetometer observatory will consist of magnetometer station pairs separated meridionally by approximately 200 km.

It is also very likely that the meridional overturning circulation of the Atlantic Ocean will slow during the twenty-first century.

It was very unlikely that the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the North Atlantic would undergo a large abrupt transition during the twenty-first century, but its slowing was very likely.

The impacts of large-scale and persistent changes in the Meridional Overturning Circulation were likely to include changes to marine ecosystem productivity, fisheries, ocean carbon dioxide uptake, oceanic oxygen concentrations and terrestrial vegetation.

In some cases, the movement was meridional (herds driven northwards in the summer and southwards in the winter); in other cases, it was lateral (with migration from water source to water source, or around a water source); in still other cases it was vertical (with migration from winter pastures on the plain to summer pastures in the mountains), and so on.

According to the latest findings, it is very likely that the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC), which carries warm upper waters to northern latitudes while carrying cold deep waters to the south, will be reduced as temperature levels rise; however, the MOC is unlikely to suffer an abrupt reduction or collapse.